John McCarthy American (1955-2011). Coined the term artificial intelligence in 1955. Implemented CTSS (Compatible TimeSharing System) to allow use of computer resource (such as a networked machine of application) by many users through multi-programing and multi-tasking at the same time. During speech at MIT’s centennial celebration, in 1961, suggested timesharing could be sold like water, gas and electric utilities – the business model of cloud computing.